沥青混合料占用泵用NYP-110-RU-T2-W51高粘度泵配YCJ112-15KW-305减速机

     沥青属于憎水性材料，它不透水，也几乎不溶于水、丙酮、乙醚、稀乙醇，溶于二硫化碳、四氯化碳、氢氧化钠。沥青及其烟气对皮肤粘膜具有刺激性，有光毒作用和致癌作用。我国三种主要沥青的毒性：煤焦沥青>页岩沥青>石油沥青，前二者有致癌性。沥青的主要皮肤损害有：光毒性皮炎，皮损限于面、颈部等暴露部分；黑变病，皮损常对称分布于暴露部位，呈片状，呈褐－深褐－褐黑色；职业性痤疮；疣状赘生物及事故引起的热烧伤。此外，尚有头昏、头胀，头痛、胸闷、乏力、恶心、食欲不振等全身症状和眼 、鼻、咽部的刺激症状。Asphalt is hydrophobic material, it impermeable, almost insoluble in water, dilute ethanol, acetone, ether, soluble in carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, sodium hydroxide.Asphalt and flue gas of skin mucous membrane irritation, has the light effect and the effect that cause cancer.China's three major asphalt toxicity: coal tar > > oil shale asphalt asphalt, before both have carcinogenicity.The main skin lesions are: asphalt light contact dermatitis, skin confined to the face, neck and other exposed parts;Melanosis, skin lesions often symmetrical distributed in the exposed parts, plate shaped, brown - deep brown - brown-black;Occupational acne;Verrucous vegetations and the accident cause thermal burns.In addition, there are dizziness, head bilges, headache, chest tightness, fatigue, nausea, loss of appetite and other systemic symptom and eye, nose, pharynx and irritation.

    煤焦沥青Coal tar: 煤焦沥青是炼焦的副产品，即焦油蒸馏后残留在蒸馏釜内的黑色物质。它与精制焦油只是物理性质有分别，没有明显的界限，一般的划分方法是规定软化点在26．7℃（立方块法）以下的为焦油，26．7℃以上的为沥青。煤焦沥青中主要含有难挥发的蒽、菲、芘等。这些物质具有毒性，由于这些成分的含量不同，煤焦沥青的性质也因而不同。温度的变化对煤焦沥青的影响很大，冬季容易脆裂，夏季容易软化。加热时有特殊气味；加热到260℃在5小时以后，其所含的蒽、菲、芘等成分就会挥发出来。Coal tar is a by-product of coking, namely tar distillation residue in distillation kettle black material.It has respectively with refined tar is only physical properties, there is no clear boundaries, is the way of dividing rules softening point in commonly 26.7 ℃ (cube method) for tar, under 26.7 ℃ above for asphalt.Coal tar mainly contains difficult volatilization of anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, etc.These substances have toxic, because the content of these compounds is different, the properties of coal tar are so different.The change of temperature has much effect on the coal tar, winter easy embrittlement, summer is easy to soften.Heating from time to tome special smell;Heated to 260 ℃ after 5 hours, its composition such as anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene will evaporate.
    石油沥青asphalt:石油沥青是原油蒸馏后的残渣。根据提炼程度的不同，在常温下成液体、半固体或固体。石油沥青色黑而有光泽，具有较高的感温性。由于它在生产过程中曾经蒸馏至400℃以上，因而所含挥发成分甚少，但仍可能有高分子的碳氢化合物未经挥发出来，这些物质或多或少对人体健康是有害的。Petroleum asphalt is after crude distillation residue.Depending on the degree of refining, into a liquid, semi-solid or solid at room temperature.Petroleum pitch dark and luster, has higher heat resistance.Because it had distillation in the production process to more than 400 ℃, thus contained little volatile component, but may still have high polymer without volatile hydrocarbons, which more or less is harmful to human health.
    天然沥青Natural asphalt:天然沥青储藏在地下，有的形成矿层或在地壳表面堆积。这种沥青大都经过天然蒸发、氧化，一般已不含有任何毒素。Natural asphalt storage in underground, some forming seam or piled up in the earth's crust surface.The asphalt mostly through the natural evaporation and oxidation, generally do not contain any poison.
    沥青材料分为地沥青和焦油沥青两大类。地沥青又分为天然沥青和石油沥青，天然沥青是石油渗出地表经长期暴露和蒸发后的残留物；石油沥青是将精制加工石油所残余的渣油，经适当的工艺处理后得到的产品。焦油沥青是煤、木材等有机物干馏加工所得的焦油经再加工后的产品。工程中采用的沥青绝大多数是石油沥青，石油沥青是复杂的碳氢化合物与其非金属衍生物组成的混合物。通常沥青闪点在240℃~330℃之间，燃点比闪点约高3℃~6℃度，因此施工温度应控制在闪点以下。Asphalt material divided into two categories, pitch and bitumen.Asphalt is divided into natural asphalt and petroleum asphalt, natural bitumen is oil seepage surface after long exposure and evaporation residue;Petroleum asphalt is a residual of residual oil will be refined processing, after appropriate processing products.Bitumen is coal, wood and other organic matter carbonization processing tar after reprocessing of products.Engineering used in the asphalt is the vast majority of asphalt, asphalt is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons with nonmetal derivatives.Usually asphalt flash point between 240 ℃ ~ 330 ℃, flash point is higher than flash point about 3 ℃ ~ 6 ℃ degrees, so the construction temperature should be controlled below the flash point.v

    ●高粘度齿轮泵并不能产生压力，它只是输出流量。压力低或无压力，说明高粘度齿 轮泵没有吸入液体或泄漏严重。 High viscosity gear pump does not generate pressure, it is only the output flow.Pressure is low or no pressure, high viscosity gear wheel pump don't inhale the liquid or leakage is serious.

　　电动机输出功率偏小、齿 轮泵排量选得过大或压力调得过高时，也会造成压力不足 当然，压力表损坏或压力表节流孔堵塞时也显示不出压力，此时可换装一个新的压力表检查。 Small motor output power, gear wheel pump capacity to choose too large or pressure too high, can cause stress Pressure gauge damage or pressure gauge orifice jams, of course, also could not show pressure, can change a new pressure gauge to check at this time.

　　如果确认泵无流量输出，可能是由于泵安装有误、泵的转向不对，或吸人侧 ( 进液口及吸液管道 ) 堵塞、出口止回阀装反或卡死了，也有可能是驱动轴断裂了。 If confirmed that no flow pump output, could be turned to the pumps due to pump installation is wrong, wrong, or suction side (liquid into the mouth and suck liquid pipeline jam, export check valve installed backwards, or card is dead, it is possible that the drive shaft fracture.

　　高粘度泵在转速过低时会引起出液量不足，这种现象往往是由于泵的驱动装置打滑或功率不足所致。此时应检查齿 轮泵的实际转速、泵与电动机的联接及功率匹配情况等。 High viscosity pump in low speed can cause insufficient quantity of produced liquid, this phenomenon is often due to the slippage of the pump drive or insufficient power.Check the gear wheel pump at this time of the actual speed, pump and motor connection and power matching, etc.
    ●高粘度泵在开始运转前，往齿轮泵的壳体内灌满待输送的液体，便于安全启动。若环境温度低于冰点，应预先向泵内通入热蒸汽，进行预热处理，然后才可启动齿轮泵。高粘度泵的旋转方向要与进、出油口相符。齿轮泵若是第一次运行，或长期闲置后再使用，最好在空载或小负荷情况下先跑合一小时左右。如果在跑合阶段预先觉察出异常温升、泄漏、振动和噪声时，应停机检查。高粘度齿轮泵的支座或法兰与其驱动电机应采用共同的安装基础，基础、法兰或支座均需具有足够的刚度，以减小齿轮泵运转时产生的振动和噪声。电动机与齿轮泵须用弹性联轴器连接，同轴度小于 0.1 毫米，倾斜角不得大于 1 度。安装联轴器时不得用锤敲打，以免伤害齿轮泵的齿轮等零件。若用带轮、链轮等驱动时应设托架支承，以防主动齿轮轴承受径向力。紧固齿轮泵、电动机的地脚螺钉时，螺钉受力应均匀，连接可靠。用手转动联轴器时，应感觉到齿轮泵能够轻松地转动，没有卡紧等异常现象出现，然后才可以配管。 High viscosity pump before starting work, to gear pump casing filled with liquid, facilitate safe launch.If the environment temperature is below freezing, should advance to pump into the hot steam, preheating treatment, and then to start the pump.The direction of rotation of the pump with high viscosity, oil outlet in accord.Gear pump is the first run, or long-term idle before using, had better under the condition of no load or small load to run one hour or so.If in the running-in stage in advance detect abnormal temperature rise, leakage, vibration and noise, should stop check.High viscosity gear pump bearing or flange should adopt a common drive motor installationFoundation, foundation, flange or support all needs to have enough rigidity, to reduce the vibration of gear pump is running and noise.Motor and gear pump with elastic shaft coupling, coaxial degree is less than 0.1 mm, Angle shall not be greater than 1 degree.When installing coupling hammer shall not be used, in order to avoid damage of the gear pump gearAnd other parts.If use the belt wheel, wheel, etc, shall set bracket support, in case of driving gear bearing by the radial force.Ground screw fastening gear pump, motor, screw force should be uniform, reliable connection.Turn the coupling with the hand, should feel can easily turn the gear pump, no abnormal phenomenon such as clamping, then can be piping.

    高粘度齿轮泵的吸油管道内径应足够大，并避免狭窄通道或急剧拐弯、减少弯头，去除不必要的阀门、附件，尽可能地降低泵的安装高度，缩短吸油管道的长度，以减少压力损失。管接头等元件的密封要良好，以防止空气侵入，从而控制气穴与气蚀的发生。止回阀与安全阀在齿轮泵的输出管路上最好安装一个止回阀。这样在检修泵及输出管道时，系统中的液体不会发生倒流。齿轮泵带负荷停车时，亦可防止泵倒转而在其输出管道内产生局部真空。应当注意，出口止回阀不能装反或出现卡死现象。高粘度泵的出口管路上还应当设置安全阀等保护装置，这样一旦泵的出口通道发生堵塞，就可以打开安全阀卸压。安全阀可以与泵体或泵盖铸成一体，也可以单独装配。对于需要正反转的高粘度齿轮泵，其进出口管路上均需设置安全阀。 High viscosity gear pump oil suction pipe diameter should be large enough, and to avoid the narrow channel, or a sharp turn, reducing elbow, remove unnecessary valves, fittings, as much as possible to reduce the installation height of pump, shorten the length of the oil suction pipe, in order to reduce the pressure loss.Components, such as pipe joint sealed well, in order to prevent the air intrusion, thus control air-pocket and the occurrence of cavitation.Check valve and relief valve on the output of the gear pump tube had better install a check valve.In the overhaul pump and output pipe, the system of fluid backflow will not occur.Gear pump to stop loading machine, can be in the output pipe to prevent pump reverse, and create a partial vacuum.It should be noted that the outlet check valve cannot be installed backwards or stuck.High viscosity of the pump outlet pipe also shall set up relief valve or other protective device on the road, so that once the clogging pump export channels, can open the relief valve pressure relief.The relief valve can be cast and pump body and pump cover, also can separate assembly.For high viscosity gear pump need positive &negative, import and export all needs to set up the line safety valve.
     ●起动前要检查下列内容： 1. 检查泵、齿轮箱和电机的对中程度； 2. 检查过滤器中有没有焊皮和金属渣； 3. 检查各连接部位连接是否紧固； 4. 检查管路压在泵上的力和力矩是否超过给定的数值，如果温度较高，还应检查管路是否有膨胀节； 5. 检查电气连接的正确性及电机的额定值，并检查电机转动方向是否正确； 6. 检查泵的转动方向是否正确； 7. 如有安全阀，安全阀安装必须正确， 8. 检查泵轴是否转动灵活； 9. 泵的内部不能是干的，特别是需要自吸的时候，应向泵内灌注一些油或输送的液体； 10. 泵组装时在零件的表面有防护液，如果这种液体不能和泵送液体相容，则必须清洗； 11. 最好在管路上安装压力表和真空表，方便观察泵的工作状态； 12. 检查机械密封箱是否注满液体； 13. 检查管路的阀门是否打开； 14. 如果用内燃机驱动，请在起动发动机前保持离合器脱开； 泵起动后，检查液体是否进入到泵中，泵是否工作正常，如果长时间无液体进入泵中，应停机检查泵及管路。